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A 35-year-old female presents to your emergency department with suprapubic discomfort and inability to urinate for the last 24 hours. Bladder scan showed 1000 mL of urine in the bladder. She has a past medical history of hay fever.

Vitals:

  • HR 105 bpm
  • BP 120/80 mmHg
  • Sats 99% RA
  • RR 16/min
  • Temp 36.5Β°C

1. List (4) prioritised causes of urinary retention in THIS patient. 4 marks

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2. State the (4) most important components of the physical exam. Give your rationale for each choice. 4 marks

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You plan to insert a urinary catheter.

3. List (4) contraindications, absolute or relative, to performing this procedure. 4 marks

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