A 50-year-old man presents to your ED 6-hours after a suspected snake bite. He has received no first aid. He has no significant past medical history and takes no medications. Initial investigations reveal marked coagulopathy with low fibrinogen.

1. Which Australian elapids are known to cause venom-induced consumptive coagulopathy (VICC)? 3 marks

2. Which pathologic effects of envenomation are reversed by timely antivenom administration? 2 marks

3. Detail how you will administer antivenom in this patient. 3 marks

4. Outline your management if the patient develops an allergic reaction to antivenom. 4 marks