A 79-year-old man presents to your Emergency Department with acute vertigo.

1. List three peripheral and three central causes of vertigo you would consider. 6 marks

2. Provide two clinical findings that would help differentiate between a central and a peripheral cause for vertigo. 2 marks

3. What physical examination finding should a patient have before you consider a HINTS exam? 1 mark

4. List the expected findings in a HINTS exam. 6 marks

5. Name three categories of drugs with an example of each that may help in the treatment of BPPV. 3 marks