An 8-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department following a bicycle accident. She was wearing a helmet but no other specific safety gear. The child states she crashed into a fallen tree and was impaled on a stick. She is alert and distressed. When asked how long the stick was, she indicates it was the length of her forearm and as thick as her thumb. Her vitals are as follows :

  • HR 100
  • BP 105/70
  • CR 3 sec
  • RR 24
  • Sats 92% on 6L/min HM
Examination reveals a 10cm laceration to the right lateral abdomen at the level of the umbilicus.

8yo impaled on a stick

1. List (8) potential injuries from the described mechanism. 4 marks

2. List (4) ways in which the paediatric abdomen is different from the adult abdomen. 4 marks

3. State your management of this patient in the ED, including relevant investigations. 6 marks